This work proposes reasonable and effective solutions to the issues of China's food security and the development predicament of rural economy. Firstly, it explores the issue of China's food security from the perspective of the "dual circulation" pattern. Secondly, it puts forward the basic ideas for ensuring China's food security from the aspects of the construction of China's food security industrial belt, overseas farmland investment and construction, the digital development of agriculture, and policy-based agricultural insurance. Finally, it proposes the basic path for the high-quality development of rural economy starting from green finance and the construction of digital villages. This work is of great significance for maintaining China's food security, promoting the construction of rural revitalization, and facilitating the high-quality development of rural economy in the new era.