The fundamental solution to agriculture lies in agricultural mechanization, which is a fundamental manifestation of agricultural productivity and social progress. Agricultural mechanization plays a role in enhancing labor productivity, reducing labor intensity, and increasing the yield per unit area in agricultural production. China is a major agricultural country, and the popularization of agricultural mechanization is an inevitable path for the realization of China's agricultural modernization and the rural revitalization strategy. Studying the economic effects of the development of agricultural mechanization in China is of great theoretical significance and practical value for implementing the "Promotion Law of Agricultural Mechanization of the People's Republic of China" (referred to as the "Promotion Law of Agricultural Mechanization"), promoting the implementation of the policy of industry supporting agriculture, enhancing the comprehensive agricultural production capacity, and accelerating the process of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.