This book first profoundly expounds the core concepts and framework of green development from a theoretical perspective, and systematically reviews the process of China's mining economy transitioning from a traditional model to a green development model. Secondly, by constructing a scientific and comprehensive evaluation index system and model for green mining development, this work provides a powerful tool for assessing and promoting the green transformation of the mining industry. Additionally, it deeply analyzes the crucial role of environmental regulations in the development of green mining, revealing their influence mechanisms and long-term significance. Meanwhile, by introducing an international perspective, it draws on advanced experiences from abroad in green mine construction and, in light of China's national conditions, builds a unique comprehensive evaluation system for green mines. Particularly noteworthy is that this work also focuses on the transformation challenges faced by resource-based cities, deeply exploring the role and significance of green mine construction in this process, providing valuable experience and inspiration for the green transformation and sustainable development of resource-based cities.