Water, as the source of life, its quality directly relates to the human living environment and future development. However, with the rapid advancement of industrialization and urbanization, water pollution has become increasingly severe and has emerged as a global challenge. This book, "Research on Water Pollution Control and Treatment", aims to deeply explore the current situation, root causes, and governance strategies of water pollution, with the goal of providing scientific basis and practical guidance for improving water quality and protecting water resources. The book covers governance plans for rural, urban, and transboundary water pollution, while also focusing on the treatment technologies for refractory wastewater, striving to present a comprehensive and in-depth picture of water pollution control to readers. We hope that through this book, more people will cherish and protect water resources, and jointly contribute to the sustainable development of the Earth.